Composite coatings have been in use in various industries. Due to increasing demand in more compact designs, better reliability, lower fuel, lube or material consumption in most advanced tribological systems, the nanostructured compact coating is preferred to achieve better durability and high performance.
The nanostructured composite coatings possess excellent wear protection especially lower friction and wear loses and increased resistance towards fatigue. These coatings are extremely hard and tough in comparison to the conventional coatings. These nanostructural coatings are capable to improve the performance of some of the mechanical components in various industrial applications and are capable to increase the resistance towards deformation even in heavily loaded rolling or rotating contacts.
The actual industrial production of these nanostructured materials including metallic, ceramic or polymeric types has already begin a few years back. In the recent past ceramic-based nanostructured or composite materials has been tried successfully in microelectronics. Although the current cost of producing these nanoparticles is very high but several kind of ceramic-based composite materials has been produced and are being tried in automotive and biomedical fields.
The actual production of nanostructured and composite coatings is generally carried out using a vacuum deposition system. These can be applied to different ceramic and metallic substrates with strong bonding. In the recent past some of the nanostructured and composite coatings such as crystalline diamond, carbide derived carbon,nitride or carbide based nanocrystalline diamond are best suits for extreme tribological requirement as these can drastically reduce wear under heavy load or tough sliding conditions.
These structured and composite coatings may find use in various applications in automotive industry such as for production of high strength springs, valve lifter or fuel injectors. The scientists are examining the various possible application areas of ceramic nanostructured coatings such as sensors, optical materials, fuel cells and cutting tools.
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